华师《阅读理解与技巧》在线作业
试卷总分：100
阅读理解
一、阅读理解（共 10 道试题，共 100 分。）
V
1.
When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. These differences can create problems.
For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is expected to be there. Foreign business people who are tardy are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.
A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars? This conversion rate is determined by every market, where the currencies of countries are bought and sold. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth 0.75 on Monday and 0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia. In addition, there is the dilemma associated with converting at 0.72. Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week. As a result, conversion may finally come at 0.69. These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.
A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. Some trade barriers are directly related to exports. For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained. Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import. Two of the most common import barriers are quotas and tariffs.
1). The best title for the passage would be ___.
A.
How to Succeed in International Trade
B. Monetary Conversion
C.
Trade Barriers
D.
Unique Problems in International Trade
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). In France, tardy business people ___.
A.
are often insulted
B.
often suffer from coldness
C.
are often left outdoors waiting
D. are often asked to polish their shoes
满分：2 分
3). According to the passage, conversion rates ___.
A.
are always changing
B.
are determined by financial institutions
C. are agreed upon by two trading countries
D. vary from day to day
此题选: D 满分：2 分
4). The intended audience of this passage are ___.
A.
professors of economics
B.
postgraduate students of international trade
C.
beginners of business
D.
business people
满分：2 分
5). Which of the following is likely to be discussed in the next paragraph?
A.
Export trade barriers.
B.
Quotas and tariffs.
C.
Reasons for imposing trading barriers.
D.
Measures to break down trade barriers.
满分：2 分
2. The martial arts, hand-to-hand fight practices, are popular in the West today. They originally came from Asia- first from the subcontinent of China, and later from the island of Japan. Yoga, which in English means "united", is another ancient practice. It came from India. The martial arts and yoga have much in common in addition to Asian origin and popularity in the West. However, before we talk about that, lets quickly say something about the main difference between them. A practitioner of the martial arts uses combat or fighting methods, but a practitioner of yoga does not. The yogi (the person who practices yoga) does not fight and is not interested in war or combat. However, like the warrior, the yogi has mental and physical health as secondary goals. The primary goal of the yogi is the opposite of war, peace and unity with all things. It is clearly a spiritual goal. A calm, quiet mind and a strong, but relaxed body are important to both the warrior and the yogi. Both the mind and the body need energy, but if they have too much energy, they cant remain calm and relaxed. It is necessary to control the amount of energy that flows within ones body. In hatha yoga, the type of yoga that is especially related to physical health, there are many positions of the body that look like the positions of animals. Both the Indians and the Chinese, from ancient times to the present, respect the way animals use energy and do not waste it. The yogi imitates the nonmoving positions of animals. The warrior imitates the fighting movements of animals. There are hundreds of different yoga positions and practices, and there are hundreds of different martial arts. However, these practices have much in common, respect for nature and respect for the human body and mind. Both practices are also difficult and the warrior and the yogi use a great deal of mental, physical, and even spiritual energy to reach the goals they desire.
1). What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Spiritual Energy.
B. Hand-to-hand Fight.
C. Physical Health.
D. Martial Arts and Yoga.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. A calm mind and a strong, but relaxed body are important to the warrior.
B. The martial arts came from Japan and China at the same time.
C. The martial arts and yoga have a little in common.
D. If the mind and body have too much energy, they can remain calm and relaxed.
满分：2 分
3). The main difference between the martial arts and yoga is that ______.
A. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, but the yogi uses nothing
B. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, but the yogi doesnt
C. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, and the yogi does, too
D. the martial arts practitioners primary goal is physical health, but the yogis isnt
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
A. The yogi imitates the fighting movements of animals.
B. The warrior and the yogi imitate the nonmoving positions of animals.
C. The warrior imitates the fighting movements of animals.
D. The primary goal of the yogi is mental and physical health.
满分：2 分
5). To reach the goals they desire, both the warrior and the yogi ______.
A. use a great deal of physical energy
B. use a great deal of mental energy
C. use a great deal of physical and mental energy
D. use a great deal of mental, physical and spiritual energy
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3.
In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree of workers contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1). Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?
A. To make jobs more varied.
B. To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.
C. Degree of work contribution.
D. Demands for longer working hours.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Why workers want more money?
A. Because their jobs are too boring.
B. In order to enjoy more spare time.
C. To make their jobs more interesting.
D. To demand shorter working hours.
满分：2 分
3). The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers jobs more interesting.
A. they will want more money
B. they will demand shorter working hours
C. more money and shorter working hours are important factors
D. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them
此题选: D 满分：2 分
4). In this passage, the author tells us ______.
A. how to make the workers more productive
B. possible factors leading to greater efficiency
C. to what extent more money lead to greater productivity
D. how to make workers jobs more interesting
满分：2 分
5). The author of this passage is probably a ______.
A. teacher
B. worker
C. manager
D.
physicist
满分：2 分
4.
Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and "apricot leather".
All foods including water -- cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is checked.
Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor , Greece , Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California , South Africa and Australia . The methods used vary, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears, peaches and apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulfur before drying. Plums, for making prunes, and certain varieties of grapes for making raisins and currants, are dipped in an alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the fruit slightly and remove their wax coating, so as to increase the rate of drying.
Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110 ℃ at entry to about 43 ℃ at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish. Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder by spraying them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes.
In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients are dried separately and then mixed. Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.
1). The open-air method of drying food ___.
A.
is the one most commonly used today
B.
was invented by the American Indians
C.
has been known for hundreds of years
D.
tends to be unhygienic
满分：2 分
2). Bacteria which cause food to go bad ___.
A. cannot live in sunlight
B.
are killed by drying
C.
are in no way dependent on the water content
D.
have their activity greatly reduced by drying
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3). Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried ___.
A.
on horizontal cylinders
B.
in hot-air chambers
C.
in the sun and wind
D.
using the open tray method
满分：2 分
4). Dried foods ___.
A.
are often packed in cans or frozen
B.
are used by soldiers and climbers
C.
need more storage space than soldiers usually have available
D.
are much cheaper than canned or frozen products
满分：2 分
5). Housewives like dried foods because they ___.
A.
are quick to prepare
B.
taste better
C.
can be preserved by boiling in water
D.
look fresh and appetizing when cooked
满分：2 分
5.
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction the firm and the customer and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!
1). The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.
A.
the practice of turning goods into money
B.
making goods available for purchase
C.
the customer-centred approach
D.
a form of persuasive salesmanship
满分：2 分
2). What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
A. The needs of the market.
B.
The efficiency of production
C. The satisfaction of the user.
D.
The preferences of the dealer.
满分：2 分
3). According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Para.1) means “______”.
A.
to sell the largest possible amount of goods
B.
to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C.
to dispose of these goods in large quantities
D.
to redesign these goods for large-scale production
满分：2 分
4). What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?
A.
Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.
B.
It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.
C.
Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.
D. Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
5). In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ______.
A. its main characteristic
B.
its social impact
C. its possible consequence
D.
its theoretical basis
满分：2 分
6.
Petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosene, home heating oil, residual fuel oil, and lubricating oils, come from one source -- crude oil found below the earths surface, as well as under large bodies of water, from a few hundred feet below the surface to as deep as 25,000 feet into the earths interior.
Sometimes crude oil is secured by drilling a hole through the earth, but more dry holes are drilled than those producing oil. Pressure at the source or pumping forces crude oil to the surface. Crude oil wells flow at varying rates, from ten to thousands of barrels per hour. Petroleum products are always measured in 42-gallon barrels. Petroleum products vary greatly in physical appearance: thin, thick, transparent or opaque, but regardless, their chemical composition is made up of two elements: carbon and hydrogen, which form compounds called hydrocarbons.
Other chemical elements found in union with the hydrocarbons are few and are classified as impurities. Trace elements are also found, but these are of such minute quantities that they are disregarded. The combination of carbon and hydrogen forms many thousands of compounds which are possible because of the carious positions and joinings of these two atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule.
The various petroleum products are refined from the crude oil by heating and condensing the vapors. These products are the so-called light oils, such as gasoline, kerosene, and distillate oil. The residue remaining after the light oils are distilled is known as heavy or residual fuel oil and is used mostly for burning under boilers. Additional complicated refining processes rearrange the chemical structure of the hydrocarbons to produce other products, some of which are used to upgrade and increase the octane rating of various types of gasoline.
1). Which of the following is NOT true?
A.
Crude oil is found below land and water.
B. Crude oil is always found a few hundred feet below the surface.
C.
Pumping and pressure force crude oil to the surface.
D.
A variety of petroleum products is obtained from crude oil.
满分：2 分
2). Many thousands of hydrocarbon compounds are possible because ___ .
A.
the petroleum products vary greatly in physical appearance
B.
complicated refining processes rearrange the chemical structure
C.
the two atoms in the molecule assume many positions
D.
the pressure needed to force it to the surface causes molecular transformation
满分：2 分
3). Which of the following is true?
A. The various petroleum products are produced by filtration.
B.
Heating and condensation produce the various products.
C.
Chemical separation is used to produce the various products.
D.
Mechanical means such as the centrifuge are used to produce the various products.
满分：2 分
4). Mechanical means such as the centrifuge are used to produce the various
A.
Expansion of the hydrocarbons.
B.
Pressure and pumping.
C.
Vacuum created in the drilling pipe.
D. Expansion and contraction of the earths surface.
满分：2 分
5). Which of the following is NOT listed as a light oil?
A.
Distillate oil.
B.
Gasoline.
C. Lubrication oil.
D.
Kerosene.
满分：2 分
7.
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.
Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people’s lives.
Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbor.
Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the wntire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.
Clean ad it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.
While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
1). Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are ______.
A. more family-oriented
B.
unusually popular
C. more profound
D.
relatively formal
满分：2 分
2). Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ¬¬______.
A. remain fascinated by them
B. are ready to face up to them
C. remain indifferent to them
D. are willing to get involved in them
满分：2 分
3). Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?
A. A new type of robot.
B.
Racist hatred.
C. Family budget planning.
D.
Street Violence.
满分：2 分
4). Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ______.
A. ironical
B. sensitive
C. instructive
D.
cynical
满分：2 分
5). We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ______.
A. have monopolized the talk show circuit
B.
exploit the weaknesses in human nature
C. appear at different times of the day
D.
are targeted at different audiences
此题选: D 满分：2 分
8.
By the time the Olympics begin in Atlanta this summer, the business world will have spent more than 1 billion to link their names and products to the Olympic Games. There are 10 Worldwide Sponsors, 10 Centennial Olympic Partners, about 20 regular sponsors and more than a hundred licensees. The Atlanta Games will boast an “official" scouring pad and timepiece, two official game shows, and three official vehicles: a family car, an import minivan and a luxury sedan.
But what exactly do these companies reap for their huge investment? At the very least, they command tickets to the most popular events, invitations to the best parties and prime hotel rooms. But most of all, according to US Postal Service, it is purchasing the right to spend money. And the right to spend money is expensive. The biggest backers, Olympic sponsors like Anheuser-Busch, Coca-Cola, Mcdonalds and Xerox, commit up to 40 million. But, getting the rights to the Olympic rings is only half the battle. The other half is the challenge to sort of wrap their product brands around that image. Often that means TV time. And at roughly 400,000 per 30-second spot, some of the biggest sponsors have already locked up every commercial slot in their product categories that NBC has to sell. Not everyone is convinced that the Games are worth the price of business admission. The biggest and most conspicuous naysayer is Nike. Its spokesman says: "If I see a Reebok official who may not be in the best shape firing the starting pistol and Carl Lewis wearing Nike shoes, Im going to go with Carl because thats the authentic link." Nikes strategy is hard to argue with -- instead of sponsoring the Olympics, it sponsors Olympians. Yet even Nike wants a piece of the Atlantic action. Along with some other non sponsors, Nike is trying to dot downtown Atlanta with billboards. Advertisement, its another Olympic event.
1). By "official vehicles", the author means ______.
A. automobiles for Olympic officials
B. automobiles used in official occasion
C. automobiles that the Olympic participants must drive
D. automobiles that allowed to bear the Olympic symbol
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Which of the following is not an Olympic sponsor?
A. US Postal Service.
B. Nike.
C. Coca-Cola.
D. Mcdonalds
满分：2 分
3). The last sentence of this passage indicates ______.
A. businesses trying to get publicity is a part of the Olympic Games
B. what the Olympic non-sponsors do is of no interest to the Olympic organizers
C. that businesses must try very hard to earn money from the Olympic Games as if they were themselves competing in the Games
D. that those who fail to sponsor the Olympics this time will try very hard the next time
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?
A. Companies use their Olympic sponsorship to promote sales of their products.
B. To provide sportswear for Carl Lewis is a more effective advertisement than to provide suits for Olympic officials.
C. NBC makes great profits from selling advertising time to companies eager to impress potential customers during the Olympic Games.
D. Nike looks down upon the Olympic Games.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
5). Which of the following can best sum up the passage?
A. Businesses want to profit from the Olympics.
B. The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games.
C.
The Olympic sponsorship.
D.
Importance of the Olympic Games.
满分：2 分
9.
Eclipse is a word meaning "hide." When the moon passes in front of the sun, the sun is hidden from us, and we call that an eclipse of the sun. When the moon becomes hidden in the earths shadow, we call that an eclipse of the moon.
An eclipse of the sun happens in daytime when the moon is "new" and on the same side of the earth is the sun. Even though the moon is much smaller than the sun, the moon is closer to earth, so it can completely block off the sun. This is called a total eclipse. People in certain areas on earth see a black disc in the sky. It has a beautiful halo of light around it. When the moon is not directly between the sun and the earth, it darkens only part of the sun, causing a partial eclipse. An eclipse of the moon happens at night when the moon is full. The earth has a shadow, just like everything else the sun shines on. This shadow stretches out into space on the side of the earth away from the sun. If the moon moves completely into this shadow, the eclipse is total. Then people on earth see something very strange. The whole moon turns deep red. A partial eclipse will happen if the moon moves only partly into the earths shadow. Long ago people were afraid of eclipses. They didnt like the strange darkness caused by them. They thought it was caused by a dragon trying to eat up the sun. These people shot arrows into the air and beat drums. In this way they hoped to scare away this beast. Other people would urge dogs to howl in order to frighten away bad spirits. Eclipses, however, have really been quite helpful. Much has been learned from them. During one in 1868 scientists discovered helium, the gas that makes balloons rise. Another eclipse allowed scientists to record the very hot temperatures of the outer parts of the sun. Also, the belief that the suns pull caused light from other passing stars to turn rather than go in a straight line was proved during an eclipse. The world continues to learn exciting facts from eclipses.
1). What might be the possible title for the passage?
A. Why the Sun Disappears.
B. When the Sun Is Blocked.
C. Eclipse.
D. Shading.
满分：2 分
2). An eclipse of the sun takes place when ______.
A. the moon is just covering it
B. the moon is nearer to the earth
C. the moon is directly between the sun and the earth
D. the moon is appearing in its full shape
满分：2 分
3). An eclipse of the moon takes place when ______.
A. the whole moon turns deep red
B. the moon moves completely into the earths shadow
C. the earth has a shadow
D. the sun stands between the moon and the earth
满分：2 分
4). What attitude did human use to have toward eclipse?
A.
They were greatly frightened.
B. They felt extremely surprised.
C. They appeared to be pleased.
D. They tended to be doubtful.
满分：2 分
5). Where might this article be taken from?
A. A scientific report.
B. A book of popular science.
C. A magazine of the outer space.
D. An evening newspaper.
满分：2 分
10. Turtles are reptiles that live within a bony shell. There are many types. Some of the 200 to 300 kinds in the world live only in water -- some others live only on land. Still other species can live in both environments. Tortoises and terrapins are names for certain turtles. The name tortoise is commonly applied to land turtles, while the term terrapin generally refers to any turtle that is served to people as food. The shell that surrounds a turtles body is formed from its backbone and ribs growing together under a covering of thick, plate like scales. The top part of the shell curves over the turtles back, whereas the underside is a flat surface. When a turtle is frightened, it pulls its legs, tail, and head inside its shell. Then it hides there. When the danger is over, the turtle emerges and continues in its way.
Turtles have been in existence for at least 155 million years. Many centuries ago some of them were much longer. They measured up to twelve feet! The turtles found today are much smaller, although one species, the Galapagos turtle, sometimes weighs as much as 500 pounds. Turtles have many interesting characteristics. Like many cold-blooded animals, for example, they hibernate during the winter. Most species have been eyesight but poor hearing. However, turtles can sense vibrations carried through the air or water to their skins. They do not have teeth. Instead, they have horny beaks so powerful that some species can bite off a persons finger with a single, swift chop. To produce their young, female turtles dig a hole in soft sand or dirt with their hind legs. Then they lay their eggs there. After that they cover them and go away, leaving the warmth of the sun to hatch the babies. As soon as they hatch, the newborn turtles crawl toward the water, where they find protection until their soft shells have a chance to harden.
1). Which of the following states the main idea of the passage?
A. Turtles are clever animals.
B. Turtles shells are important to them.
C. To know about turtles.
D. To make friends with turtles.
满分：2 分
2). Generally speaking, turtles ______.
A. are divided into only tortoises and terrapins
B. could all live in water, and some even could live on the land
C. are classified into about 300 kinds
D. could make delicious food depending on what type it belongs to.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3). What might the word "chop"(para.3) probably mean?
A. a quick short cutting blow
B. a heavy forceful striking
C. biting
D. squeezing
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Turtles had been seen millions years ago.
B. Turtles today dont have the large size as they used to.
C. The species will decide to what size a turtle can grow.
D. Turtle are cold-blooded animals for they hibernate in winter.
满分：2 分
5). What might be the authors attitude toward turtles?
A. We cant judge from the passage.
B. He tends to like them very much.
C. He doesnt like them very much.
D. He is asking us to protect them.
满分：2 分
试卷总分：100
阅读理解
一、阅读理解（共 10 道试题，共 100 分。）
V
1.
When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. These differences can create problems.
For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is expected to be there. Foreign business people who are tardy are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.
A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars? This conversion rate is determined by every market, where the currencies of countries are bought and sold. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth 0.75 on Monday and 0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia. In addition, there is the dilemma associated with converting at 0.72. Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week. As a result, conversion may finally come at 0.69. These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.
A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. Some trade barriers are directly related to exports. For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained. Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import. Two of the most common import barriers are quotas and tariffs.
1). The best title for the passage would be ___.
A.
How to Succeed in International Trade
B. Monetary Conversion
C.
Trade Barriers
D.
Unique Problems in International Trade
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). In France, tardy business people ___.
A.
are often insulted
B.
often suffer from coldness
C.
are often left outdoors waiting
D. are often asked to polish their shoes
满分：2 分
3). According to the passage, conversion rates ___.
A.
are always changing
B.
are determined by financial institutions
C. are agreed upon by two trading countries
D. vary from day to day
此题选: D 满分：2 分
4). The intended audience of this passage are ___.
A.
professors of economics
B.
postgraduate students of international trade
C.
beginners of business
D.
business people
满分：2 分
5). Which of the following is likely to be discussed in the next paragraph?
A.
Export trade barriers.
B.
Quotas and tariffs.
C.
Reasons for imposing trading barriers.
D.
Measures to break down trade barriers.
满分：2 分
2. The martial arts, hand-to-hand fight practices, are popular in the West today. They originally came from Asia- first from the subcontinent of China, and later from the island of Japan. Yoga, which in English means "united", is another ancient practice. It came from India. The martial arts and yoga have much in common in addition to Asian origin and popularity in the West. However, before we talk about that, lets quickly say something about the main difference between them. A practitioner of the martial arts uses combat or fighting methods, but a practitioner of yoga does not. The yogi (the person who practices yoga) does not fight and is not interested in war or combat. However, like the warrior, the yogi has mental and physical health as secondary goals. The primary goal of the yogi is the opposite of war, peace and unity with all things. It is clearly a spiritual goal. A calm, quiet mind and a strong, but relaxed body are important to both the warrior and the yogi. Both the mind and the body need energy, but if they have too much energy, they cant remain calm and relaxed. It is necessary to control the amount of energy that flows within ones body. In hatha yoga, the type of yoga that is especially related to physical health, there are many positions of the body that look like the positions of animals. Both the Indians and the Chinese, from ancient times to the present, respect the way animals use energy and do not waste it. The yogi imitates the nonmoving positions of animals. The warrior imitates the fighting movements of animals. There are hundreds of different yoga positions and practices, and there are hundreds of different martial arts. However, these practices have much in common, respect for nature and respect for the human body and mind. Both practices are also difficult and the warrior and the yogi use a great deal of mental, physical, and even spiritual energy to reach the goals they desire.
1). What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Spiritual Energy.
B. Hand-to-hand Fight.
C. Physical Health.
D. Martial Arts and Yoga.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. A calm mind and a strong, but relaxed body are important to the warrior.
B. The martial arts came from Japan and China at the same time.
C. The martial arts and yoga have a little in common.
D. If the mind and body have too much energy, they can remain calm and relaxed.
满分：2 分
3). The main difference between the martial arts and yoga is that ______.
A. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, but the yogi uses nothing
B. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, but the yogi doesnt
C. the martial arts practitioner uses fight, and the yogi does, too
D. the martial arts practitioners primary goal is physical health, but the yogis isnt
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
A. The yogi imitates the fighting movements of animals.
B. The warrior and the yogi imitate the nonmoving positions of animals.
C. The warrior imitates the fighting movements of animals.
D. The primary goal of the yogi is mental and physical health.
满分：2 分
5). To reach the goals they desire, both the warrior and the yogi ______.
A. use a great deal of physical energy
B. use a great deal of mental energy
C. use a great deal of physical and mental energy
D. use a great deal of mental, physical and spiritual energy
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3.
In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree of workers contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about. To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1). Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true?
A. To make jobs more varied.
B. To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.
C. Degree of work contribution.
D. Demands for longer working hours.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Why workers want more money?
A. Because their jobs are too boring.
B. In order to enjoy more spare time.
C. To make their jobs more interesting.
D. To demand shorter working hours.
满分：2 分
3). The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers jobs more interesting.
A. they will want more money
B. they will demand shorter working hours
C. more money and shorter working hours are important factors
D. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them
此题选: D 满分：2 分
4). In this passage, the author tells us ______.
A. how to make the workers more productive
B. possible factors leading to greater efficiency
C. to what extent more money lead to greater productivity
D. how to make workers jobs more interesting
满分：2 分
5). The author of this passage is probably a ______.
A. teacher
B. worker
C. manager
D.
physicist
满分：2 分
4.
Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and "apricot leather".
All foods including water -- cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is checked.
Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor , Greece , Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California , South Africa and Australia . The methods used vary, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears, peaches and apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulfur before drying. Plums, for making prunes, and certain varieties of grapes for making raisins and currants, are dipped in an alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the fruit slightly and remove their wax coating, so as to increase the rate of drying.
Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110 ℃ at entry to about 43 ℃ at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish. Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder by spraying them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes.
In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients are dried separately and then mixed. Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.
1). The open-air method of drying food ___.
A.
is the one most commonly used today
B.
was invented by the American Indians
C.
has been known for hundreds of years
D.
tends to be unhygienic
满分：2 分
2). Bacteria which cause food to go bad ___.
A. cannot live in sunlight
B.
are killed by drying
C.
are in no way dependent on the water content
D.
have their activity greatly reduced by drying
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3). Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried ___.
A.
on horizontal cylinders
B.
in hot-air chambers
C.
in the sun and wind
D.
using the open tray method
满分：2 分
4). Dried foods ___.
A.
are often packed in cans or frozen
B.
are used by soldiers and climbers
C.
need more storage space than soldiers usually have available
D.
are much cheaper than canned or frozen products
满分：2 分
5). Housewives like dried foods because they ___.
A.
are quick to prepare
B.
taste better
C.
can be preserved by boiling in water
D.
look fresh and appetizing when cooked
满分：2 分
5.
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction the firm and the customer and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!
1). The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.
A.
the practice of turning goods into money
B.
making goods available for purchase
C.
the customer-centred approach
D.
a form of persuasive salesmanship
满分：2 分
2). What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
A. The needs of the market.
B.
The efficiency of production
C. The satisfaction of the user.
D.
The preferences of the dealer.
满分：2 分
3). According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Para.1) means “______”.
A.
to sell the largest possible amount of goods
B.
to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C.
to dispose of these goods in large quantities
D.
to redesign these goods for large-scale production
满分：2 分
4). What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?
A.
Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.
B.
It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.
C.
Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.
D. Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
5). In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ______.
A. its main characteristic
B.
its social impact
C. its possible consequence
D.
its theoretical basis
满分：2 分
6.
Petroleum products, such as gasoline, kerosene, home heating oil, residual fuel oil, and lubricating oils, come from one source -- crude oil found below the earths surface, as well as under large bodies of water, from a few hundred feet below the surface to as deep as 25,000 feet into the earths interior.
Sometimes crude oil is secured by drilling a hole through the earth, but more dry holes are drilled than those producing oil. Pressure at the source or pumping forces crude oil to the surface. Crude oil wells flow at varying rates, from ten to thousands of barrels per hour. Petroleum products are always measured in 42-gallon barrels. Petroleum products vary greatly in physical appearance: thin, thick, transparent or opaque, but regardless, their chemical composition is made up of two elements: carbon and hydrogen, which form compounds called hydrocarbons.
Other chemical elements found in union with the hydrocarbons are few and are classified as impurities. Trace elements are also found, but these are of such minute quantities that they are disregarded. The combination of carbon and hydrogen forms many thousands of compounds which are possible because of the carious positions and joinings of these two atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule.
The various petroleum products are refined from the crude oil by heating and condensing the vapors. These products are the so-called light oils, such as gasoline, kerosene, and distillate oil. The residue remaining after the light oils are distilled is known as heavy or residual fuel oil and is used mostly for burning under boilers. Additional complicated refining processes rearrange the chemical structure of the hydrocarbons to produce other products, some of which are used to upgrade and increase the octane rating of various types of gasoline.
1). Which of the following is NOT true?
A.
Crude oil is found below land and water.
B. Crude oil is always found a few hundred feet below the surface.
C.
Pumping and pressure force crude oil to the surface.
D.
A variety of petroleum products is obtained from crude oil.
满分：2 分
2). Many thousands of hydrocarbon compounds are possible because ___ .
A.
the petroleum products vary greatly in physical appearance
B.
complicated refining processes rearrange the chemical structure
C.
the two atoms in the molecule assume many positions
D.
the pressure needed to force it to the surface causes molecular transformation
满分：2 分
3). Which of the following is true?
A. The various petroleum products are produced by filtration.
B.
Heating and condensation produce the various products.
C.
Chemical separation is used to produce the various products.
D.
Mechanical means such as the centrifuge are used to produce the various products.
满分：2 分
4). Mechanical means such as the centrifuge are used to produce the various
A.
Expansion of the hydrocarbons.
B.
Pressure and pumping.
C.
Vacuum created in the drilling pipe.
D. Expansion and contraction of the earths surface.
满分：2 分
5). Which of the following is NOT listed as a light oil?
A.
Distillate oil.
B.
Gasoline.
C. Lubrication oil.
D.
Kerosene.
满分：2 分
7.
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.
Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people’s lives.
Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbor.
Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the wntire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.
Clean ad it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.
While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
1). Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are ______.
A. more family-oriented
B.
unusually popular
C. more profound
D.
relatively formal
满分：2 分
2). Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ¬¬______.
A. remain fascinated by them
B. are ready to face up to them
C. remain indifferent to them
D. are willing to get involved in them
满分：2 分
3). Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?
A. A new type of robot.
B.
Racist hatred.
C. Family budget planning.
D.
Street Violence.
满分：2 分
4). Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ______.
A. ironical
B. sensitive
C. instructive
D.
cynical
满分：2 分
5). We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ______.
A. have monopolized the talk show circuit
B.
exploit the weaknesses in human nature
C. appear at different times of the day
D.
are targeted at different audiences
此题选: D 满分：2 分
8.
By the time the Olympics begin in Atlanta this summer, the business world will have spent more than 1 billion to link their names and products to the Olympic Games. There are 10 Worldwide Sponsors, 10 Centennial Olympic Partners, about 20 regular sponsors and more than a hundred licensees. The Atlanta Games will boast an “official" scouring pad and timepiece, two official game shows, and three official vehicles: a family car, an import minivan and a luxury sedan.
But what exactly do these companies reap for their huge investment? At the very least, they command tickets to the most popular events, invitations to the best parties and prime hotel rooms. But most of all, according to US Postal Service, it is purchasing the right to spend money. And the right to spend money is expensive. The biggest backers, Olympic sponsors like Anheuser-Busch, Coca-Cola, Mcdonalds and Xerox, commit up to 40 million. But, getting the rights to the Olympic rings is only half the battle. The other half is the challenge to sort of wrap their product brands around that image. Often that means TV time. And at roughly 400,000 per 30-second spot, some of the biggest sponsors have already locked up every commercial slot in their product categories that NBC has to sell. Not everyone is convinced that the Games are worth the price of business admission. The biggest and most conspicuous naysayer is Nike. Its spokesman says: "If I see a Reebok official who may not be in the best shape firing the starting pistol and Carl Lewis wearing Nike shoes, Im going to go with Carl because thats the authentic link." Nikes strategy is hard to argue with -- instead of sponsoring the Olympics, it sponsors Olympians. Yet even Nike wants a piece of the Atlantic action. Along with some other non sponsors, Nike is trying to dot downtown Atlanta with billboards. Advertisement, its another Olympic event.
1). By "official vehicles", the author means ______.
A. automobiles for Olympic officials
B. automobiles used in official occasion
C. automobiles that the Olympic participants must drive
D. automobiles that allowed to bear the Olympic symbol
此题选: D 满分：2 分
2). Which of the following is not an Olympic sponsor?
A. US Postal Service.
B. Nike.
C. Coca-Cola.
D. Mcdonalds
满分：2 分
3). The last sentence of this passage indicates ______.
A. businesses trying to get publicity is a part of the Olympic Games
B. what the Olympic non-sponsors do is of no interest to the Olympic organizers
C. that businesses must try very hard to earn money from the Olympic Games as if they were themselves competing in the Games
D. that those who fail to sponsor the Olympics this time will try very hard the next time
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?
A. Companies use their Olympic sponsorship to promote sales of their products.
B. To provide sportswear for Carl Lewis is a more effective advertisement than to provide suits for Olympic officials.
C. NBC makes great profits from selling advertising time to companies eager to impress potential customers during the Olympic Games.
D. Nike looks down upon the Olympic Games.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
5). Which of the following can best sum up the passage?
A. Businesses want to profit from the Olympics.
B. The 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games.
C.
The Olympic sponsorship.
D.
Importance of the Olympic Games.
满分：2 分
9.
Eclipse is a word meaning "hide." When the moon passes in front of the sun, the sun is hidden from us, and we call that an eclipse of the sun. When the moon becomes hidden in the earths shadow, we call that an eclipse of the moon.
An eclipse of the sun happens in daytime when the moon is "new" and on the same side of the earth is the sun. Even though the moon is much smaller than the sun, the moon is closer to earth, so it can completely block off the sun. This is called a total eclipse. People in certain areas on earth see a black disc in the sky. It has a beautiful halo of light around it. When the moon is not directly between the sun and the earth, it darkens only part of the sun, causing a partial eclipse. An eclipse of the moon happens at night when the moon is full. The earth has a shadow, just like everything else the sun shines on. This shadow stretches out into space on the side of the earth away from the sun. If the moon moves completely into this shadow, the eclipse is total. Then people on earth see something very strange. The whole moon turns deep red. A partial eclipse will happen if the moon moves only partly into the earths shadow. Long ago people were afraid of eclipses. They didnt like the strange darkness caused by them. They thought it was caused by a dragon trying to eat up the sun. These people shot arrows into the air and beat drums. In this way they hoped to scare away this beast. Other people would urge dogs to howl in order to frighten away bad spirits. Eclipses, however, have really been quite helpful. Much has been learned from them. During one in 1868 scientists discovered helium, the gas that makes balloons rise. Another eclipse allowed scientists to record the very hot temperatures of the outer parts of the sun. Also, the belief that the suns pull caused light from other passing stars to turn rather than go in a straight line was proved during an eclipse. The world continues to learn exciting facts from eclipses.
1). What might be the possible title for the passage?
A. Why the Sun Disappears.
B. When the Sun Is Blocked.
C. Eclipse.
D. Shading.
满分：2 分
2). An eclipse of the sun takes place when ______.
A. the moon is just covering it
B. the moon is nearer to the earth
C. the moon is directly between the sun and the earth
D. the moon is appearing in its full shape
满分：2 分
3). An eclipse of the moon takes place when ______.
A. the whole moon turns deep red
B. the moon moves completely into the earths shadow
C. the earth has a shadow
D. the sun stands between the moon and the earth
满分：2 分
4). What attitude did human use to have toward eclipse?
A.
They were greatly frightened.
B. They felt extremely surprised.
C. They appeared to be pleased.
D. They tended to be doubtful.
满分：2 分
5). Where might this article be taken from?
A. A scientific report.
B. A book of popular science.
C. A magazine of the outer space.
D. An evening newspaper.
满分：2 分
10. Turtles are reptiles that live within a bony shell. There are many types. Some of the 200 to 300 kinds in the world live only in water -- some others live only on land. Still other species can live in both environments. Tortoises and terrapins are names for certain turtles. The name tortoise is commonly applied to land turtles, while the term terrapin generally refers to any turtle that is served to people as food. The shell that surrounds a turtles body is formed from its backbone and ribs growing together under a covering of thick, plate like scales. The top part of the shell curves over the turtles back, whereas the underside is a flat surface. When a turtle is frightened, it pulls its legs, tail, and head inside its shell. Then it hides there. When the danger is over, the turtle emerges and continues in its way.
Turtles have been in existence for at least 155 million years. Many centuries ago some of them were much longer. They measured up to twelve feet! The turtles found today are much smaller, although one species, the Galapagos turtle, sometimes weighs as much as 500 pounds. Turtles have many interesting characteristics. Like many cold-blooded animals, for example, they hibernate during the winter. Most species have been eyesight but poor hearing. However, turtles can sense vibrations carried through the air or water to their skins. They do not have teeth. Instead, they have horny beaks so powerful that some species can bite off a persons finger with a single, swift chop. To produce their young, female turtles dig a hole in soft sand or dirt with their hind legs. Then they lay their eggs there. After that they cover them and go away, leaving the warmth of the sun to hatch the babies. As soon as they hatch, the newborn turtles crawl toward the water, where they find protection until their soft shells have a chance to harden.
1). Which of the following states the main idea of the passage?
A. Turtles are clever animals.
B. Turtles shells are important to them.
C. To know about turtles.
D. To make friends with turtles.
满分：2 分
2). Generally speaking, turtles ______.
A. are divided into only tortoises and terrapins
B. could all live in water, and some even could live on the land
C. are classified into about 300 kinds
D. could make delicious food depending on what type it belongs to.
此题选: D 满分：2 分
3). What might the word "chop"(para.3) probably mean?
A. a quick short cutting blow
B. a heavy forceful striking
C. biting
D. squeezing
满分：2 分
4). Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Turtles had been seen millions years ago.
B. Turtles today dont have the large size as they used to.
C. The species will decide to what size a turtle can grow.
D. Turtle are cold-blooded animals for they hibernate in winter.
满分：2 分
5). What might be the authors attitude toward turtles?
A. We cant judge from the passage.
B. He tends to like them very much.
C. He doesnt like them very much.
D. He is asking us to protect them.
满分：2 分
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