0085 英语阅读二
1.[单选题] She was beginning torecognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was strivingto beat it back with her will―as powerless as her two white slender handswould have been.
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A.was striking to
B.was doing best to
C.was working hard to
D.was difficult to
2.[单选题] Her partners were a group of fellow nurses with concerns about equityand health.
A.interest
B.value
C.fairness
D.right
3.[单选题] Tapping into his military mind, Rogers envisions theprinters being deployed with troops into the field to produce disposablevehicles, each finely tuned for a specific mission.
A.Knocking into
B.Taking into
C.Making use of
D.Putting into
4.[单选题] Most college students are going through the same things atthe same time, so don’t feel silly if you need to just vent for 30minutes over coffee with a friend.
A.make
B.relieve
C.laugh
D.date
5.[单选题] The layers were stacked together and pressedhard enough to glue them, but not break them.
A.glued
B.mixed
C.stirred
D.piled
6.[单选题] You are carrying with thehelp of two companions.
A.strangers
B.roles
C.officers
D.friends
7.[单选题] The key principle of the republican model is civicself-rule, which is embodied in classical institutions and practiceslike the rotation of offices.
A.involved
B.neglected
C.overestimated
D.underestimated
8.[单选题] “People in theknow are familiar with the massive overhead required by traditional manufacturing,”Rogers says.
A.cost
B.money
C.microphone
D.picture
9.[单选题] Insteadof opposing the two models, we could reasonably see them as complementary.
A.identical
B.alternative
C.complimentary
D.interrelating
10.[单选题] The other companion is notquite so strong, and represents transient external stimulation, e.g.noise, light, excitement, anger, pain and so on.
A.boring
B.exciting
C.long-term
D.short-termed
11.[单选题] He had only takenthe time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastenedto forestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sadmessage.
A.foretell
B.prevent
C.predict
D.foresee
12.[单选题] This may seem ridiculous at first,but there is nothing funny about it.
A.difficult
B.funny
C.surprising
D.sad
13.[问答题] In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions or complete the statements with NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS.
Would-be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status, skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.
Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as well, being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher.
Now employers will only look for teachers who have the knowledge, skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counterparts—something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are now happy—linguistic discrimination is a thing of the past.
An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, teacher educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regard the native and non-native speakers’ distinction as being all that important. “NO” was the answer. As long as candidates could teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination—this time justified because it singled out the unqualified—liberated the linguistically oppressed. But the Cambridge project did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers are extremely similar.
Questions:
1. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.
2. What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?
3. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?
4. What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”?
5. The phrase “the linguistically oppressed” refers to those who were _______.
A.
14.[问答题] In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements within 10 words.
As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops，they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents．The power of the school has been replaced by the home．To begin with，all the factors which are part of intelligence—the child’s understanding of language，learning patterns，curiosity—are established well before the child enters school at the age of six．Study after study has shown that even after school begins，children’s achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers．This is particularly true about learning that is language-related． The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science．
In view of their power，it’s sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child’s intelligence．Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children．Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school．
Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home．Of course，children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents，but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually—and the easiest place to do this is at home．Many four-and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read．
Questions:
1. What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children’s intelligence？
2. What do researchers conclude about children’s learning patterns?
3. In which area may school play a more important role?
4. Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children’s intelligence?
5. The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to_______.
A.
15.[单选题] More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the 1970s, the rate of marriage in theUnited Statesis now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.
What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are the wife’s previous marriage, or the husband’s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses.
Thus, one can find the very type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with “full-time” children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages. There are step-fathers, step-mothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.
A.more Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than Europeans
B.most divorced individuals remarry
C.marriage is the most important part of American life
D.traditional marriage now runs into difficulty
E.marriage rate has been rising since the 1970s
F.marriage rate in Europe is rather low
G.Europeans marry when they are quite old
H.are shared between the two former spouses
I.are quite unusual even in America
J.most Americans still have faith in marriage
BA.the concept of nuclear family is modernized
16.[单选题] Forming Adult Friendships in Modern Society Is a Necessity and a Challenge
by David Brook
Somebody recently asked me what I would do if I had $500 million to give away. My first thought was that I’d become a moderate version of the Koch brothers. I’d pay for independent candidates to run against Democratic or Republican members of Congress who veered too far into their party’s fever swamps.
But then I realized that if I really had that money, I’d want to affect a smaller number of people in a more personal and profound way. The big, established charities are already fighting disease and poverty as best as they can, so in search of new directions I thought, oddly, of friendship. Friendship is a personal relationship that has radiating social and political benefits.
In the first place, friendship helps people make better judgments. So much of deep friendship is thinking through problems together: what job to take; whom to marry. Friendship allows you to see your own life but with a second sympathetic self.
Second, friends usually bring out better versions of each other. People feel unguarded and fluid with their close friends. If you’re hanging around with a friend, smarter and funnier thoughts tend to come burbling out.
Finally, people behave better if they know their friends are observing. Friendship is based, in part, on common tastes and interests, but it is also based on mutual admiration and reciprocity. People tend to want to live up to their friends’ high regard. People don’t have close friendships in any hope of selfish gain but simply for the pleasure itself of feeling known and respected.
It’s also true that friendship is not in great shape in America today. In 1985, people tended to have about three really close friends, according to the General Social Survey. By 2004, according to research done at Duke University and the University of Arizona, they were reporting they had only two close confidants. The number of people who say they have no close confidants at all has tripled over that time.
People seem to have a harder time building friendships across class lines. As society becomes more unequal and segmented, invitations come to people on the basis of their job status. Middle-aged people have particular problems nurturing friendships and building new ones. They are so busy with work and kids that friendship gets squeezed out.
So, in the fantasy world in which I have $500 million, I’d try to set up places that would cultivate friendships and make them less career oriented and more profound.
To do that, you have to get people out of their normal life and give them challenging activities to do together. Nothing inspires friendship like selflessness and cooperation in moments of difficulty. You also want to give them moments when they can share confidences, about big ideas and small worries.
So I envision a string of adult camps or retreat centres (my oldest friendships were formed at summer camp, so I think in those terms). Groups of 20 or 30 would be brought together from all social and demographic groups, and secluded for two weeks. They’d prepare and clean up all their meals together, and eating the meals would go on for a while. In the morning, they would read about and discuss big topics. In the afternoons, they’d play sports, take hikes and build something complicated together. At night, there’d be a bar and music.
You couldn’t build a close friendship in that time, but you could plant the seeds for one. The goal of these intensity retreats would be to spark bonds between disparate individuals who, in the outside world, would be completely unlikely to know each other. The benefits of that social bridging, while unplannable, would ripple out in ways long and far-reaching.
A.Selfishnessand cooperation in moments of difficulty.
B.Activities that are less career oriented and more profound.
C.Middle-aged people.
D.Old and retired people.
E.You could plant the seeds for a close friendship.
F.You could discuss big topics at night in the bar with music on.
G.You could play sportsand build something together in the morning.
H.Friendship allows you to see your life with a second sympathetic self.
I.hastripled
J.has doubled
BA.has decreased
BB.remains the same
17.[单选题] Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time for which the eyes stop — the duration of the fixation — varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.
A.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.
B.critical
C.neutral
D.pessimistic
E.optimistic
F.the length of a group of words
G.one’s purpose in reading
H.lighting and tiredness
I.demands a deeply-participating mind
J.demands more eyes than mind
BA.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.
BB.The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.
18.[单选题] If you’ve been married to the world’s loudest snorer for nearly four decades, you’re either a saint or you’re deaf. Julie Switzer is a little of both.
On July 4, the 61-year-old British homemaker will celebrate her 40th anniversary with her husband Mel, a cab driver whose snoring has been measured at 92.5 decibels — louder than a police siren.
Until he found a treatment, flight attendants would ask him not to sleep on planes. Eight of his neighbors sold their homes in one 10-year period. Only his wife stood by his side.
“My wife and I love each other,” he says. “And she is deaf in one ear.”
Julie’s condition had no connection to her husband’s strident snoozing. But even with diminished hearing, she found it hard to sleep — and though to get up each day to get their two boys off to school. “I just thought most men sound like a electric saw in the bedroom,” she says.
After two decades of sleeplessness, Julie entered Mel in a local contest, sponsored by a British newspaper in 1984, to find the loudest snoring husband in theUnited Kingdom. Until then, Mel had not realized the scope of his snore.
The contest turned out to be the best thing she ever did. In one brave stroke, Julie turned her husband into an international celebrity of sorts. Suddenly, she and Mel were flying toJapan, so that doctors could measure his snoring on national TV.
“I guess there are better reasons to be famous,” Mel says. “But if people are sending you to Tokyo, why fight it?” 答案联系q1647861640
The folks at Guinness were quick to certify him, and all the attention brought hundreds of would-be remedies — including one that finally worked.
About four years ago, New York entrepreneur Robert Ross gave Mel a Chinese herbal concoction that he now markets throughout North America as Y-snore.
Y-snore changed the Switzers’ life. Just a few drops in the nose and Mel is silent as a lamb. Finally, a peaceful night for his wife.
A.she tolerated the loudest snoring in the world for more than 40 years
B.She thought it was just a normal phenomenon.
C.She was anxious to find a cure for her husband’s snoring.
D.Mel became a famous person as a result of the contest
E.Mel became rich after winning the first prize
F.then she began to know how loud her husband’s snoring was
G.she managed to prove to the world that her husband was a very brave man
H.He is glad to take the opportunity to travel.
I.He feels embarrassed to be known as “the world’s loudest snorer.”
J.He feels proud of himself and his wife.
BA.a kind of medicine that stops snoring effectively
19.[单选题] Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may be falling in theUK, in much of the world it is rising in both sexes. The first cigarettes had been rolled by soldiers in the Turkish-Egyptian war more than 90 years before the first of the two world wars that popularized smoking. Between 1938 and 1948 lung cancer increased five times faster than other cancers, but these statistics were no match for the impact of Hollywood stars smoking in films. By this time women were smoking almost as much as men.
There are two main types of lung cancer, determined by the type of cell involved—small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Around 75% of cases are of the non-small cell variety, the standard small cell lung cancers account for 20% and a few rarer types of lung cancer complete the balance. About 90% of all lung cancer cases can be attributed to smoking. The outcome is still not good. The five-year survival rate in those with lung cancer is approximately 15%.
Depending on the type of cancer, surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used, but if the cancer has not spread, the first line of treatment is usually surgery. If the tumor has spread, either radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both may be used, sometimes in combination.
The choice of treatment will depend on the type of cell forming the cancer and the extent of its growth. Advanced non-small cell cancer is usually treated with chemotherapy and in these cases radiotherapy is used for symptomatic treatment. Likewise in small cell cancer, which has usually spread beyond the original site at diagnosis so that surgery is unlikely to be used and the mainstay of treatment is chemotherapy and radiation.
A.During World War II cigarettes’ impact was well verified.
B.It is only the First World War that really popularized smoking.
C.Hollywood stars’ influence exclusively boosted smoking.
D.The first cigarettes were rolled more than 90 years ago.
E.Because only 15% of lung cancer sufferers can live for 5 years.
F.A few rarer types of lung cancer are still beyond curability.
G.How to treat patients merely rests on the type of cell forming the cancer.
H.Radiotherapy can hardly address advanced non-small cell cancer virtually.
I.Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used to treat small cell cancer.
J.Surgery is unlikely to be used in the treatment of advanced small cell cancer.
BA.worried
BB.positive
BC.impersonal
20.[单选题] On most shores you will notice that the sea level changes throughout the day. These ups and downs of the seas are called tides.
Why should tides happen? Everything on the Earth’s surface is attracted towards the Earth by a force called gravity. The Moon and the Sun also have a gravitational pull of their own. As the Moon passes around the Earth it attracts the waters of the oceans on the side facing it, pulling them away from the Earth, and causing them to rise. On the opposite side from this tidal rise, there is another one because on that side, the land is closer to the Moon than the waters, and the land is pulled away from the seas, leaving a rise behind. These two rises remain in the same position in reaction to the Moon, but the rotation of the Earth means that each of them appears to move around the Earth. These rises are called high water, and the gaps between them are called low water.
There are two other factors which help in the formation of the tides. You know that if you cause the water in your bath to rock, it may rise and fall against the side of the bath for some time. In the same way, once the tides have begun, the waters tend to continue to rock up and down and they are given an extra push by the attraction of the Moon. The Sun also tends to attract the Earth’s oceans towards itself, but because it is so much further away, the attraction is less important. At certain times of the year, however, the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are all in a straight line. When this happens, the attraction of the Sun is added to the attraction of the Moon and tides are extra high.
Waves are almost wholly the result of wind blowing across the surface of the water. The wind pulls the water to form waves which move slowly forward, and get larger. Although the wave shape moves forward, each bit of water moves round in circles and does not change its average position. The height of a wave depends on three factors: how hard the wind is blowing, how long the wind has been blowing, and the fetch. The word “fetch” means the length of the stretch of open water over which the wind is blowing.
A.The attraction of the Moon to the oceans and land.
B.The gravitational pull of the Moon to the rise.
C.the rotation of the Earth
D.the gravitational pull of the Moon
E.About 12 hours.
F.About 18 hours.
G.About 24 hours.
H.the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are in line
I.When the wave moves forward, the water moves forward, too.
J.The height of a wave is related to wind speed.
BA.Tides are different from waves.
BB.Waves are usually the result of wind blowing.
21.[单选题] In 55 B. C. Julius Caesar, a Roman emperor, sent soldiers to establish a colony on the island of British. During the 400 years or so that they remained, the Romans built cities, roads, fortresses, and theaters; set up a system of government; coined money; and helped to change theEnglandlanguage. In the fifth century A. D. the Romans left English, but by that time the British had adopted many Latin words into their own language.
Another influence on the English language during those early years was the Scandinavian languages. The Vikings, an adventuresome people from today’s countries ofNorway,Sweden, andDenmark, began to invadeEnglandabout the last part of the eighth century. Gradually, however, they settled inEngland, becoming a part of the British population. Their language mixed in with English, giving the English language some of its most-used words.
Then, in A. D. 1066, a French-speaking people from Normandy, an area in northernFrance, conquered the English. For nearly 300 years after that, both French and English were spoken inEngland, with the result that many French words became part of the English language.
About this same time Europeans were beginning to explore other parts of the world. British admirals and soldiers led expeditions to Africa, western Europe, Asia, and the North and South American continents, where they learned to speak the native language or at least adopted some of the words into English.
A.The two languages were both used in the English society for a long time.
B.to conquer the island and its people
C.to coin money and make profits
D.to change the English language and its speakers
E.to help the English set up a government
F.the Vikings’ language
G.Latin and French
H.the native languages of Africa
I.the Asian and American languages
J.in the fourteenth century
BA.English “borrowed” many words from other languages
BB.the English had to learn foreign languages
BC.the English were often conquered by other people
22.[单选题] The Royal House of Windsor ―The current British Royal Family Tree
The Royal House of Windsor was founded in 1917, by royal proclamation of the Queen’s grandfather, King George V. The name was adopted as the new British Royal Family’s official name replacing that of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. This was due in the main to anti German feeling which was very much in evidence in Great Britain during World War I. Windsor remains the family name of the current British Royal Family.
The current head of the House of Windsor is her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended to the throne in 1952 and was crowned at the first televised coronation in 1953. She is married to Prince Philip, the Duke Of Edinburgh. They have four children, Prince Charles, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward.
Their son and heir, Prince Charles― the Prince of Wales, has two sons from his marriage to Lady Diana Spencer whom was killed in a car crash in 1997, Prince William who is second in line to succession and Prince Harry. When Prince Charles remarried, in 2005, it was to his long time companion Camilla Parker-Bowles, however their union was initially met with a mixed response.
Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge married Kate Middleton in April 2011, and they have a son, the third heir to the throne, Prince George.
Princess Anne ― The Princess Royal has been married twice. Her first husband was Captain Mark Phillips and they produced two children, Peter and Zara Phillips. She is now married to Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Lawrence.
Prince Andrew ― The Duke of York married Sarah Ferguson but they later divorced. They have two children, Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie.
Prince Edward ― The Earl of Wessex married Sophie Rhys-Jones. they have two children, Lady Louise Windsor and James Viscount Severn.
The Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below includes all the major royals from George VI and now includes the awaited arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, he was born on the 22nd July 2013 at 4:24 pm and weighed in at 8lb 6oz. on the 24th he was officially named George Alexander Louis and is a sixth generation Windsor.
The latest edition to the Royal Family has now also been added to the Tree. Mia Grace Tindall, the Daughter of Zara Phillips and Michael James Tindall, was born on 17 January 2014 at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital.
It was announced on the 8th September that the Duchess of Cambridge, is expecting her second child. He or she will be fourth in line to the throne.
Please look at the Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below which now includes the new addition.
A.Cousins.
B.Uncle and niece.
C.Aunt and nephew.
D.Brother and sister.
E.King George VI.
F.Queen Elizabeth II.
G.Queen Elizabeth II.
H.One sister.
I.One brother and one sister.
J.Six.
BA.Five.
BB.Four.
23.[问答题] Political liberty is important as a means to protecting individual freedoms from interference by other individuals or the authorities themselves.
A.
24.[问答题] There was somethingcoming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully.
A.
25.[问答题] As far as is currently known, nothing can change an individual’s fundamental daily sleep requirement.
A.
26.[问答题] The Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below includes all the major royals from George VI and now includes the awaited arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
A.
27.[问答题] We live in a constantly moving world, and everywhere we turn we see moving images of that world.
A.
28.[问答题] There have been 3-D printed buildings, dresses, hats, jewelry and evenparts of the anatomy.
A.
29.[问答题] Cases at the clinic aren’t always life and death, but sometimes they are.
A.
30.[问答题] Several of the shipping container-sized printers could pump out constantly evolving cars by the thousands.
A.
31.[问答题] An amendment to the Constitution needs to be passed to give DC voting rights.
A.
32.[问答题] Tapping into hismilitary mind, Rogers envisions the printers being deployed with troops into thefield to produce disposable vehicles.
A.
33.[问答题] Each of us has a specific daily sleep requirement.
A.
34.[问答题] You may be handling your own problems and trying to help others around you.
A.
35.[问答题] Citizenship meant being protected by the law rather than participating in its formulation or execution.
A.
36.[问答题] Drowsiness is red alert!
A.
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1.[单选题] She was beginning torecognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was strivingto beat it back with her will―as powerless as her two white slender handswould have been.
下载答案，请参考帮助中心说明
A.was striking to
B.was doing best to
C.was working hard to
D.was difficult to
2.[单选题] Her partners were a group of fellow nurses with concerns about equityand health.
A.interest
B.value
C.fairness
D.right
3.[单选题] Tapping into his military mind, Rogers envisions theprinters being deployed with troops into the field to produce disposablevehicles, each finely tuned for a specific mission.
A.Knocking into
B.Taking into
C.Making use of
D.Putting into
4.[单选题] Most college students are going through the same things atthe same time, so don’t feel silly if you need to just vent for 30minutes over coffee with a friend.
A.make
B.relieve
C.laugh
D.date
5.[单选题] The layers were stacked together and pressedhard enough to glue them, but not break them.
A.glued
B.mixed
C.stirred
D.piled
6.[单选题] You are carrying with thehelp of two companions.
A.strangers
B.roles
C.officers
D.friends
7.[单选题] The key principle of the republican model is civicself-rule, which is embodied in classical institutions and practiceslike the rotation of offices.
A.involved
B.neglected
C.overestimated
D.underestimated
8.[单选题] “People in theknow are familiar with the massive overhead required by traditional manufacturing,”Rogers says.
A.cost
B.money
C.microphone
D.picture
9.[单选题] Insteadof opposing the two models, we could reasonably see them as complementary.
A.identical
B.alternative
C.complimentary
D.interrelating
10.[单选题] The other companion is notquite so strong, and represents transient external stimulation, e.g.noise, light, excitement, anger, pain and so on.
A.boring
B.exciting
C.long-term
D.short-termed
11.[单选题] He had only takenthe time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram, and had hastenedto forestall any less careful, less tender friend in bearing the sadmessage.
A.foretell
B.prevent
C.predict
D.foresee
12.[单选题] This may seem ridiculous at first,but there is nothing funny about it.
A.difficult
B.funny
C.surprising
D.sad
13.[问答题] In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully, and then answer the questions or complete the statements with NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS.
Would-be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status, skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.
Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as well, being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher.
Now employers will only look for teachers who have the knowledge, skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counterparts—something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are now happy—linguistic discrimination is a thing of the past.
An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, teacher educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regard the native and non-native speakers’ distinction as being all that important. “NO” was the answer. As long as candidates could teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination—this time justified because it singled out the unqualified—liberated the linguistically oppressed. But the Cambridge project did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers are extremely similar.
Questions:
1. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.
2. What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?
3. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?
4. What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”?
5. The phrase “the linguistically oppressed” refers to those who were _______.
A.
14.[问答题] In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements within 10 words.
As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops，they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents．The power of the school has been replaced by the home．To begin with，all the factors which are part of intelligence—the child’s understanding of language，learning patterns，curiosity—are established well before the child enters school at the age of six．Study after study has shown that even after school begins，children’s achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers．This is particularly true about learning that is language-related． The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science．
In view of their power，it’s sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child’s intelligence．Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children．Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school．
Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home．Of course，children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents，but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually—and the easiest place to do this is at home．Many four-and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read．
Questions:
1. What have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children’s intelligence？
2. What do researchers conclude about children’s learning patterns?
3. In which area may school play a more important role?
4. Why did many parents fail to make the most of their children’s intelligence?
5. The author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to_______.
A.
15.[单选题] More surprising, perhaps, than the current difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving. As Skolnick notes, Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a decline in the 1970s, the rate of marriage in theUnited Statesis now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context: some 80 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains, by far, the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.
What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twenty-five years ago, the typical American family consisted of a husband, a wife, and two or three children. Now, there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are the wife’s previous marriage, or the husband’s, or both. Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses.
Thus, one can find the very type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the present marriage; marriages with “full-time” children from the present marriage and “part-time” children from former marriages. There are step-fathers, step-mothers, half-brothers, and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclear family. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.
A.more Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than Europeans
B.most divorced individuals remarry
C.marriage is the most important part of American life
D.traditional marriage now runs into difficulty
E.marriage rate has been rising since the 1970s
F.marriage rate in Europe is rather low
G.Europeans marry when they are quite old
H.are shared between the two former spouses
I.are quite unusual even in America
J.most Americans still have faith in marriage
BA.the concept of nuclear family is modernized
16.[单选题] Forming Adult Friendships in Modern Society Is a Necessity and a Challenge
by David Brook
Somebody recently asked me what I would do if I had $500 million to give away. My first thought was that I’d become a moderate version of the Koch brothers. I’d pay for independent candidates to run against Democratic or Republican members of Congress who veered too far into their party’s fever swamps.
But then I realized that if I really had that money, I’d want to affect a smaller number of people in a more personal and profound way. The big, established charities are already fighting disease and poverty as best as they can, so in search of new directions I thought, oddly, of friendship. Friendship is a personal relationship that has radiating social and political benefits.
In the first place, friendship helps people make better judgments. So much of deep friendship is thinking through problems together: what job to take; whom to marry. Friendship allows you to see your own life but with a second sympathetic self.
Second, friends usually bring out better versions of each other. People feel unguarded and fluid with their close friends. If you’re hanging around with a friend, smarter and funnier thoughts tend to come burbling out.
Finally, people behave better if they know their friends are observing. Friendship is based, in part, on common tastes and interests, but it is also based on mutual admiration and reciprocity. People tend to want to live up to their friends’ high regard. People don’t have close friendships in any hope of selfish gain but simply for the pleasure itself of feeling known and respected.
It’s also true that friendship is not in great shape in America today. In 1985, people tended to have about three really close friends, according to the General Social Survey. By 2004, according to research done at Duke University and the University of Arizona, they were reporting they had only two close confidants. The number of people who say they have no close confidants at all has tripled over that time.
People seem to have a harder time building friendships across class lines. As society becomes more unequal and segmented, invitations come to people on the basis of their job status. Middle-aged people have particular problems nurturing friendships and building new ones. They are so busy with work and kids that friendship gets squeezed out.
So, in the fantasy world in which I have $500 million, I’d try to set up places that would cultivate friendships and make them less career oriented and more profound.
To do that, you have to get people out of their normal life and give them challenging activities to do together. Nothing inspires friendship like selflessness and cooperation in moments of difficulty. You also want to give them moments when they can share confidences, about big ideas and small worries.
So I envision a string of adult camps or retreat centres (my oldest friendships were formed at summer camp, so I think in those terms). Groups of 20 or 30 would be brought together from all social and demographic groups, and secluded for two weeks. They’d prepare and clean up all their meals together, and eating the meals would go on for a while. In the morning, they would read about and discuss big topics. In the afternoons, they’d play sports, take hikes and build something complicated together. At night, there’d be a bar and music.
You couldn’t build a close friendship in that time, but you could plant the seeds for one. The goal of these intensity retreats would be to spark bonds between disparate individuals who, in the outside world, would be completely unlikely to know each other. The benefits of that social bridging, while unplannable, would ripple out in ways long and far-reaching.
A.Selfishnessand cooperation in moments of difficulty.
B.Activities that are less career oriented and more profound.
C.Middle-aged people.
D.Old and retired people.
E.You could plant the seeds for a close friendship.
F.You could discuss big topics at night in the bar with music on.
G.You could play sportsand build something together in the morning.
H.Friendship allows you to see your life with a second sympathetic self.
I.hastripled
J.has doubled
BA.has decreased
BB.remains the same
17.[单选题] Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time for which the eyes stop — the duration of the fixation — varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.
A.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.
B.critical
C.neutral
D.pessimistic
E.optimistic
F.the length of a group of words
G.one’s purpose in reading
H.lighting and tiredness
I.demands a deeply-participating mind
J.demands more eyes than mind
BA.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.
BB.The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.
18.[单选题] If you’ve been married to the world’s loudest snorer for nearly four decades, you’re either a saint or you’re deaf. Julie Switzer is a little of both.
On July 4, the 61-year-old British homemaker will celebrate her 40th anniversary with her husband Mel, a cab driver whose snoring has been measured at 92.5 decibels — louder than a police siren.
Until he found a treatment, flight attendants would ask him not to sleep on planes. Eight of his neighbors sold their homes in one 10-year period. Only his wife stood by his side.
“My wife and I love each other,” he says. “And she is deaf in one ear.”
Julie’s condition had no connection to her husband’s strident snoozing. But even with diminished hearing, she found it hard to sleep — and though to get up each day to get their two boys off to school. “I just thought most men sound like a electric saw in the bedroom,” she says.
After two decades of sleeplessness, Julie entered Mel in a local contest, sponsored by a British newspaper in 1984, to find the loudest snoring husband in theUnited Kingdom. Until then, Mel had not realized the scope of his snore.
The contest turned out to be the best thing she ever did. In one brave stroke, Julie turned her husband into an international celebrity of sorts. Suddenly, she and Mel were flying toJapan, so that doctors could measure his snoring on national TV.
“I guess there are better reasons to be famous,” Mel says. “But if people are sending you to Tokyo, why fight it?” 答案联系q1647861640
The folks at Guinness were quick to certify him, and all the attention brought hundreds of would-be remedies — including one that finally worked.
About four years ago, New York entrepreneur Robert Ross gave Mel a Chinese herbal concoction that he now markets throughout North America as Y-snore.
Y-snore changed the Switzers’ life. Just a few drops in the nose and Mel is silent as a lamb. Finally, a peaceful night for his wife.
A.she tolerated the loudest snoring in the world for more than 40 years
B.She thought it was just a normal phenomenon.
C.She was anxious to find a cure for her husband’s snoring.
D.Mel became a famous person as a result of the contest
E.Mel became rich after winning the first prize
F.then she began to know how loud her husband’s snoring was
G.she managed to prove to the world that her husband was a very brave man
H.He is glad to take the opportunity to travel.
I.He feels embarrassed to be known as “the world’s loudest snorer.”
J.He feels proud of himself and his wife.
BA.a kind of medicine that stops snoring effectively
19.[单选题] Cancer of the lung is still the leading cause of cancer death in men and women worldwide, and although its incidence in men may be falling in theUK, in much of the world it is rising in both sexes. The first cigarettes had been rolled by soldiers in the Turkish-Egyptian war more than 90 years before the first of the two world wars that popularized smoking. Between 1938 and 1948 lung cancer increased five times faster than other cancers, but these statistics were no match for the impact of Hollywood stars smoking in films. By this time women were smoking almost as much as men.
There are two main types of lung cancer, determined by the type of cell involved—small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Around 75% of cases are of the non-small cell variety, the standard small cell lung cancers account for 20% and a few rarer types of lung cancer complete the balance. About 90% of all lung cancer cases can be attributed to smoking. The outcome is still not good. The five-year survival rate in those with lung cancer is approximately 15%.
Depending on the type of cancer, surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used, but if the cancer has not spread, the first line of treatment is usually surgery. If the tumor has spread, either radiotherapy, chemotherapy or both may be used, sometimes in combination.
The choice of treatment will depend on the type of cell forming the cancer and the extent of its growth. Advanced non-small cell cancer is usually treated with chemotherapy and in these cases radiotherapy is used for symptomatic treatment. Likewise in small cell cancer, which has usually spread beyond the original site at diagnosis so that surgery is unlikely to be used and the mainstay of treatment is chemotherapy and radiation.
A.During World War II cigarettes’ impact was well verified.
B.It is only the First World War that really popularized smoking.
C.Hollywood stars’ influence exclusively boosted smoking.
D.The first cigarettes were rolled more than 90 years ago.
E.Because only 15% of lung cancer sufferers can live for 5 years.
F.A few rarer types of lung cancer are still beyond curability.
G.How to treat patients merely rests on the type of cell forming the cancer.
H.Radiotherapy can hardly address advanced non-small cell cancer virtually.
I.Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used to treat small cell cancer.
J.Surgery is unlikely to be used in the treatment of advanced small cell cancer.
BA.worried
BB.positive
BC.impersonal
20.[单选题] On most shores you will notice that the sea level changes throughout the day. These ups and downs of the seas are called tides.
Why should tides happen? Everything on the Earth’s surface is attracted towards the Earth by a force called gravity. The Moon and the Sun also have a gravitational pull of their own. As the Moon passes around the Earth it attracts the waters of the oceans on the side facing it, pulling them away from the Earth, and causing them to rise. On the opposite side from this tidal rise, there is another one because on that side, the land is closer to the Moon than the waters, and the land is pulled away from the seas, leaving a rise behind. These two rises remain in the same position in reaction to the Moon, but the rotation of the Earth means that each of them appears to move around the Earth. These rises are called high water, and the gaps between them are called low water.
There are two other factors which help in the formation of the tides. You know that if you cause the water in your bath to rock, it may rise and fall against the side of the bath for some time. In the same way, once the tides have begun, the waters tend to continue to rock up and down and they are given an extra push by the attraction of the Moon. The Sun also tends to attract the Earth’s oceans towards itself, but because it is so much further away, the attraction is less important. At certain times of the year, however, the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are all in a straight line. When this happens, the attraction of the Sun is added to the attraction of the Moon and tides are extra high.
Waves are almost wholly the result of wind blowing across the surface of the water. The wind pulls the water to form waves which move slowly forward, and get larger. Although the wave shape moves forward, each bit of water moves round in circles and does not change its average position. The height of a wave depends on three factors: how hard the wind is blowing, how long the wind has been blowing, and the fetch. The word “fetch” means the length of the stretch of open water over which the wind is blowing.
A.The attraction of the Moon to the oceans and land.
B.The gravitational pull of the Moon to the rise.
C.the rotation of the Earth
D.the gravitational pull of the Moon
E.About 12 hours.
F.About 18 hours.
G.About 24 hours.
H.the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth are in line
I.When the wave moves forward, the water moves forward, too.
J.The height of a wave is related to wind speed.
BA.Tides are different from waves.
BB.Waves are usually the result of wind blowing.
21.[单选题] In 55 B. C. Julius Caesar, a Roman emperor, sent soldiers to establish a colony on the island of British. During the 400 years or so that they remained, the Romans built cities, roads, fortresses, and theaters; set up a system of government; coined money; and helped to change theEnglandlanguage. In the fifth century A. D. the Romans left English, but by that time the British had adopted many Latin words into their own language.
Another influence on the English language during those early years was the Scandinavian languages. The Vikings, an adventuresome people from today’s countries ofNorway,Sweden, andDenmark, began to invadeEnglandabout the last part of the eighth century. Gradually, however, they settled inEngland, becoming a part of the British population. Their language mixed in with English, giving the English language some of its most-used words.
Then, in A. D. 1066, a French-speaking people from Normandy, an area in northernFrance, conquered the English. For nearly 300 years after that, both French and English were spoken inEngland, with the result that many French words became part of the English language.
About this same time Europeans were beginning to explore other parts of the world. British admirals and soldiers led expeditions to Africa, western Europe, Asia, and the North and South American continents, where they learned to speak the native language or at least adopted some of the words into English.
A.The two languages were both used in the English society for a long time.
B.to conquer the island and its people
C.to coin money and make profits
D.to change the English language and its speakers
E.to help the English set up a government
F.the Vikings’ language
G.Latin and French
H.the native languages of Africa
I.the Asian and American languages
J.in the fourteenth century
BA.English “borrowed” many words from other languages
BB.the English had to learn foreign languages
BC.the English were often conquered by other people
22.[单选题] The Royal House of Windsor ―The current British Royal Family Tree
The Royal House of Windsor was founded in 1917, by royal proclamation of the Queen’s grandfather, King George V. The name was adopted as the new British Royal Family’s official name replacing that of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. This was due in the main to anti German feeling which was very much in evidence in Great Britain during World War I. Windsor remains the family name of the current British Royal Family.
The current head of the House of Windsor is her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended to the throne in 1952 and was crowned at the first televised coronation in 1953. She is married to Prince Philip, the Duke Of Edinburgh. They have four children, Prince Charles, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew and Prince Edward.
Their son and heir, Prince Charles― the Prince of Wales, has two sons from his marriage to Lady Diana Spencer whom was killed in a car crash in 1997, Prince William who is second in line to succession and Prince Harry. When Prince Charles remarried, in 2005, it was to his long time companion Camilla Parker-Bowles, however their union was initially met with a mixed response.
Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge married Kate Middleton in April 2011, and they have a son, the third heir to the throne, Prince George.
Princess Anne ― The Princess Royal has been married twice. Her first husband was Captain Mark Phillips and they produced two children, Peter and Zara Phillips. She is now married to Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Lawrence.
Prince Andrew ― The Duke of York married Sarah Ferguson but they later divorced. They have two children, Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie.
Prince Edward ― The Earl of Wessex married Sophie Rhys-Jones. they have two children, Lady Louise Windsor and James Viscount Severn.
The Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below includes all the major royals from George VI and now includes the awaited arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, he was born on the 22nd July 2013 at 4:24 pm and weighed in at 8lb 6oz. on the 24th he was officially named George Alexander Louis and is a sixth generation Windsor.
The latest edition to the Royal Family has now also been added to the Tree. Mia Grace Tindall, the Daughter of Zara Phillips and Michael James Tindall, was born on 17 January 2014 at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital.
It was announced on the 8th September that the Duchess of Cambridge, is expecting her second child. He or she will be fourth in line to the throne.
Please look at the Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below which now includes the new addition.
A.Cousins.
B.Uncle and niece.
C.Aunt and nephew.
D.Brother and sister.
E.King George VI.
F.Queen Elizabeth II.
G.Queen Elizabeth II.
H.One sister.
I.One brother and one sister.
J.Six.
BA.Five.
BB.Four.
23.[问答题] Political liberty is important as a means to protecting individual freedoms from interference by other individuals or the authorities themselves.
A.
24.[问答题] There was somethingcoming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully.
A.
25.[问答题] As far as is currently known, nothing can change an individual’s fundamental daily sleep requirement.
A.
26.[问答题] The Royal House of Windsor Family Tree below includes all the major royals from George VI and now includes the awaited arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge.
A.
27.[问答题] We live in a constantly moving world, and everywhere we turn we see moving images of that world.
A.
28.[问答题] There have been 3-D printed buildings, dresses, hats, jewelry and evenparts of the anatomy.
A.
29.[问答题] Cases at the clinic aren’t always life and death, but sometimes they are.
A.
30.[问答题] Several of the shipping container-sized printers could pump out constantly evolving cars by the thousands.
A.
31.[问答题] An amendment to the Constitution needs to be passed to give DC voting rights.
A.
32.[问答题] Tapping into hismilitary mind, Rogers envisions the printers being deployed with troops into thefield to produce disposable vehicles.
A.
33.[问答题] Each of us has a specific daily sleep requirement.
A.
34.[问答题] You may be handling your own problems and trying to help others around you.
A.
35.[问答题] Citizenship meant being protected by the law rather than participating in its formulation or execution.
A.
36.[问答题] Drowsiness is red alert!
A.
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